Table 3 Priming of MSC with pharmacological drugs and other chemical agents
From: Priming approaches to improve the efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies
Stimuli | Source | Model/disease | In vitro/in vivo | Results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VPA and SP1 | Umbilical cord | – | In vitro | Increased proliferation; improved anti-inflammatory activities. | [80] |
VPA | Bone marrow (murine) | Huntington’s disease model | In vivo (mice) | Reduced neuropathological features. | [81] |
5-aza-dC | Vascular endothelial cells (VECs) derived from bone marrow | Trans-differentiation angiogenesis | In vitro (Matrigel) | Increased endothelial markers expression; improved angiogenesis capacity on Matrigel. | [82] |
DFO | Bone marrow | – | In vitro | Reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption and apoptosis, up-regulated glycolysis and survival-related genes. | [87] |
DNP | Bone marrow | Myocardial infarction model | In vitro/in vivo (rats) | Increased expression of cardiomyogenic factors (GATA-4, Nkx2.5, connexin-43, and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP); increased expression of genes involved in adhesion and homing; increased expression of VEGF and HIF; improved cardiac function and reduced scar formation. | [90] |
DMOG | Bone marrow | Ischemic heart model | In vitro/in vivo (rats) | Upregulated survival and angiogenic factors (HIF-1α, VEGF, Glut-1); reduced cell death; enhanced angiogenic activities; decreased infarct size. | [91] |
ISO | Bone marrow | Stroke model | In vitro/in vivo (rats) | Upregulated CXCR4 and HIF-1α expression; improved engraftment into the ischemic brain and improved functional recovery. | [92] |
CCPA | Dental pulp | Osteogenesis | In vitro | Improved proliferation and osteogenic differentiation; upregulated RUNX-2 and alkaline phosphatase expression; improved mineralization in extracellular matrix. | [96] |
ATRA | Bone marrow (rat) | Excisional wounds model | In vitro/in vivo (rats) | Upregulated COX-2, HIF-1, CXCR4, CCR2, VEGF, Ang-2 and Ang-4 gene expression; improved wound healing. | [100] |
ATRA | Bone marrow (murine) | Emphysema model | In vivo (mice) | Increased MSCs survival in the lungs; improved airway function. | [101] |
ATRA | Bone marrow | Ankylosing spondylitis model | In vitro | Decreased secretion of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-17A and IFN-γ; increased IL-6 secretion; induced Treg. | [102] |
Rapamycin (short exposure) | Bone marrow | – | In vitro | Upregulated COX-2/PGE2; decreased PBMCs and splenocytes proliferation. | [99] |